The following Family Tips are from Supporting Students with Disabilities at School & Home: A Guide for Teachers to Support Families and Students from the Center on Positive Behavioral Interventions & Supports (PBIS) and the National Center on Intensive Intervention (NCII).
1. Develop, Teach, Review, Remind, and Reinforce Predictable Routines and Expectations
Ensure your home is a predictable, positive, and safe environment to support social, emotional, behavioral, and cognitive growth.
Develop predictable routines that work for your family, teach those clearly, and create reminders (written schedule, pictures)
Insert breaks or fun activities in the schedule as rewards for completing more challenging activities
Develop positive family expectations, describe what they do (and do not) look like within each family routine, and provide reminders at the start of new or difficult routines
Provide positive feedback and other rewards when children meet expectations
Use positive calm redirections or corrective feedback, reminding the child what they should do, when they make mistakes or behave in ways not consistent with your expectations
Provide more positive than corrective feedback (at least 5 positives for each corrective)
2. Use Efficient and Effective Instructional Strategies to Maximize Benefit
During learning times in your family schedule, set reasonable goals for what you and your child will be able to accomplish, do your best, and celebrate successes.
Add academic content and practice into everyday activities in your home (e.g., involve your child in measurement during cooking, play “quiz” games during a family meal, read with your child before bed)
Use effective (research-based) programs to enhance your child’s learning
Consider using scripted lessons to help your child develop and maintain basic academic skills (see resources section)
3. If Your Student has More Intensive Needs, Provide Targeted or Intensive Support
To support children with more intensive support needs, try to be more intentional in your approach. Set reasonable goals, do your best, and celebrate successes.
Increase the structure, predictability, and reminders of expectations and strategies
If you’re able to provide targeted instruction, consult with your child’s teacher to use scripted lessons to explicitly teach skills in identified areas (e.g., reading, math, social skills), and use research-based programs that provide supplemental practice in needed areas
If you’re able to provide individualized instruction, follow a model (I do), lead (we do), and test (you do) format to show, practice, and provide feedback on individualized skills (e.g., asking for help, following picture sequence to complete an activity)
Increase practice opportunities and provide feedback to support growth
4. Enhance Relationships Between Home and School to Support Your Student
Collaborating with your child and their teacher(s) is important for your child’s success. Help the teacher(s) understand your child’s strengths and needs, and have a positive open dialogue to anticipate and address challenges.
Recognize the expertise that families and teachers bring
Families know their child’s strengths and needs and know what has (and has not) worked in the past
Children know what they like and what works for them
Teachers have expertise in their content, instructional strategies, and what has worked with other students
Talk to the teacher(s) regularly about your child’s academic, social, emotional, and behavioral progress and how you can support your child—you are a partner in your child’s education
Ask your child what they see as a need and what would be helpful • Learn more about parent support and advocacy to enhance your collaboration
5. If Your Student is Not Being Successful, Ask For Help
As described in practice 4, partner with your child’s teacher(s) in implementing practices 1-3. If your child needs additional support, ask for more help from a school psychologist, social worker, counselor, or administrator in your school or district.
Ask for help so you know how to correctly implement the support needed and make sure it fits into your family context
With help, adjust targeted or individualized support to better meet your child’s needs
With help, consider additional need areas (e.g., mental health support, functional learning needs)
Please refer to the document, Supporting Students with Disabilities at School & Home: A Guide for Teachers to Support Families and Students from the Center on Positive Behavioral Interventions & Supports (PBIS) and the National Center on Intensive Intervention (NCII), for additional information and resources on this topic.